[dropzon3]

1. This isn't an introduction
2. Ping isn't used to get the ip, ping is used to check if a host is up.

If you want the ip use nslookup (nslookup facebook.com) which does what ping does to resolve the name facebook.com to an IP but it does not send any packets directly to facebook(like a ping would) it just does the name resolution .

3. A ping sends a ECHO request to an IP not to a URL(it determined the IP well before it sends anything) The response contains no new information about the website. It doesn't contain website information, or the round-trip time. The ECHO Response only needs to contain the ECHO Request payload in its payload(hence echo). At least this is the normal implementation, there are exceptions.

Ping is just a program that uses the echo request to determine the round-trip time thats all calculated by the ping program.

4. Facebook has many IPs not just one.

5. This isn't going to tell you anything about where someone else is located. It does however reveal information about where YOU are located as the facebook IP you get is dependent on your geographical location.